Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the highly contagious diseases of domestic animals which has highly economic importance. The disease has got transboundary importance and rank first in list A of infectious diseases of animals, as per World Organization for Animal Health, Paris (OIE). Effective control of this disease needs sensitive, specific and quick diagnostic tools at each tier of control strategy. In this book we have described the various immune-molecular tools for the specific detection of the virus from the clinical materials.