Cowpea is an important warm-season grain legume. Cowpea has received relatively little attention from a research standpoint. Apart from improvement of specific traits, breaking the yield plateau is the major task. Towards this direction, pooling of yield contributing alleles has reached already saturation and hence requires alternative approach. Recently, it has been realized that morpho-physiological approach as an alternative to address such tasks. The present book highlights the importance of physiological traits such as photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration...