For centuries, the majority of human movement was restricted to walking. Regardless of how someone travels, at some point during their trip they will become a pedestrian. With the popularization of the private automobile in the 20th Century, this balance was tilted towards mechanized movement, initially in advanced countries. The decline of pedestrian share in the transportation system has led to ever increasing congestion, pollution, insecurity, and lack of vitality in neighbourhoods at city centres and beyond. Now, however, particularly in advanced countries, new attention is being paid...