The fragmented health care system in Turkey created a hierarchy of access and accordingly citizenship. By means of different security systems the state established differential relationships with its citizens, dividing them along the lines of their affinity with the state and their employment status. The problems within this inegalitarian system and the current attempts at its modification constitute the starting point of this thesis. Although the study focuses on the attempt at the socialization of health services undertaken in 1961, after the military intervention of 27 May 1960, it...