Several classes of microorganisms have been recognized as extremophiles inhabiting in an extreme environments of heat or cold, pH, salinity, pressure, and even radiation. These extremophiles, having many interesting biological secrets, provide a novel source of discoveries in applied and basic sciences. We studied a new frontier in extremophiles, i.e., microorganisms tolerating toxic levels of boron. Boron (B), a non-metal micronutrient, has been known to be essential for plants since long. Some animals and unicellular eukaryotes also require B but the level of requirement differs among...