The findings of the study show that deviance does play some role in the news coverage of Arab- Americans, but the role is not as strong as theory would predict. Contrary to the prediction by the theories of influence on mass media content by Shoemaker and Reese, the study found that an increase in the U.S. publics perceived deviance of Arab-Americans was not correlated with increased stereotyping of them by eight major metro newspapers in the five years that followed the Sept. 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. The findings also provided only moderate support to the hypothesis that the...