With the size of its Muslim population greater than in any other country-an overwhelming majority of its 135 million people regarding themselves as adherents of Islam-it is natural that for Indonesia serious questions should arise as to the position of Islam within the state. Indeed that has been the case, and ever since the country proclaimed its independence there has been an ongoing tension between the attempts of Muslims to shape society in conformity with the tenets of Islam and the efforts of successive governments to control that religion as a political and social force. Although an...