In this dissertation we prove local existence and uniqueness of solutions of the focusing modified Korteweg - de Vries equation u_t + u DEGREES2u_x + u_ = 0 in classes of unbounded functions that admit an asymptotic expansion at infinity in decreasing powers of $x$. We show that an asymptotic solution differs from a genuine solution by a smooth function that is of Schwartz class with respect to $x$ and that solves a generalized version of the focusing mKdV equation. The latter equation is solved by discretization methods. The text is written for researchers of partial differential...