In fascist Spain, Francoism - like German and Italian fascism - produced its own particular brand of kitsch. Deploying religious and historical iconography drawn from Spain's centuries-long struggle against Islam, Francoist ideologues created a kitsch interpretation of Spain's historical past designed to replace more complex and nuanced accounts, where religious and historical iconography combined with kitsch aesthetics to project a picturesque, cliched image of Spain. The ultimate goal of this vast production of Francoist kitsch was to produce a submissive subject who, by identifying with...