Torque is actually the force that enables the orthodontist to control the axial inclinations of teeth and to place them in the harmonizing positions that are so desirable for a nicely finished result. As Rauch has said "Torque is the force that gives the operator control over the movements of roots of teeth".For all patients, lower third of the face and particularly the anterior teeth are vital for social communication and acceptance. Orthodontic treatment aims to position anterior teeth to achieve optimum aesthetics and function. Orthodontic treatment objectives can thus be stated as...

This book is specially written keeping the relation of oral health and immunity in mind. Highlights: - Updated coverage of latest information - Grater clarity - Complete incoporation of molecular aspects pertaining to immune disorders of oral cavity - Text fully supported by coloured and easy to understand illustrations in order to enhance understanding of the text.- Incorporation of tables to enrich the user with quick grasp of features. - Brief but ellaborative content on immunity and autoimmunity - Good histopathological pictures with updated information.