The proceedings of the First Multidisciplinary International Symposium on Positive Systems Theory and Applications (POSTA 2003) held in Rome, Italy, August 28-30, 2003. Positive Systems are systems in which the relevant variables assume nonnegative values. These systems are quite common in applications where variables represent positive quantities such as populations, goods, money, time, data packets flowing in a network, densities of chemical species, probabilities, etc. The aim of the symposium was to join together researchers working in the different areas related to positive systems...