The Safavid era is of special significance in the history of Iran. Under the Safavids - between the sixteenth and the mid-eighteenth century - Iran was transformed and a state emerged which was the forerunner of the Iran of today in several important ways.

The age is known for its wealth of contributions to Persian culture and to the arts of the Islamic world, its robust military encounters with its Ottoman and Mughal neighbours and growing contacts with Western Europe. But little is known about the social, cultural, commercial and diplomatic relations of the Safavids with the rest...