Many issues of contemporary importance in climate science can be explored using techniques from mathematics and statistics. This timely textbook introduces students and researchers to the conceptual models that capture important aspects of the Earth's climate system and the mathematical and statistical techniques that can be applied to their analysis. Topics covered include the Earth's energy balance, temperature distribution, ocean circulation patterns such as El Nino, and the carbon cycle. Among the mathematical and statistical techniques presented are dynamical systems and bifurcation...