This report explores the emerging epidemics of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) in low and middle income countries (LMIC). A case study approach is used to explore these epidemics in detail in Peru, Ukraine, Kenya, and Thailand. Systematic reviews of epidemiology and prevention science were used to understand these epidemics, and to assess the evidence for interventions in prevention, access to care and treatment, and human rights protections. The Goals model was then used to assess the potential impact at country level of responding to epidemics among MSM. Benefits were seen for...

The past 25 years have witnessed unprecedented changes around the world many of them for the better. Across the continents, many countries have embarked on a path of international integration, economic reform, technological modernization, and democratic participation. As a result, economies that had been stagnant for decades are growing, people whose families had suffered deprivation for generations are escaping poverty, and hundreds of millions are enjoying the benefits of improved living standards and scientific and cultural sharing across nations. As the world changes, a host of...