This book offers a brand-new theoretical system and relevant tools for intelligently identifying errors in the decision-making process, investigating the complexities and erring mechanisms of dysfunctional socioeconomic systems, and therefore helping design error-proof systems. The error logic is invented to pioneer a new branch for the field of logic, which can be applied to various fields including mathematics, philosophy, computer science, artificial intelligence, linguistics, management science, and systems science. Researchers, postgraduates, and undergraduates in relevant fields can use...