The Stem Cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study, SCOTS, is the largest Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved ophthalmology study registered with the NIH (www.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01920867). Jeffrey Weiss, M.D. is the Principal Investigator and Steven Levy M.D. is the Study Director. Discoveries made during SCOTS lead to the development of the Neurologic Stem Cell Treatment Study, NEST. NEST is IRB approved and registered with NIH (www.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02795052).