Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies the constituents and interactions of atomic nuclei. The most commonly known applications of nuclear physics are nuclear power generation, but the research has provided application in many fields, including those in nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear weapons, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon in geology and archaeology. The field of particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and is typically taught in close association with nuclear physics. A heavy nucleus can contain hundreds of nucleons...