When you take a medication, you expect it to give you benefit. For example, if you have a headache, you would want to take a headache medication, and you would expect then to have relief of your headache. Most individuals realize that this does not always happen. Not every medication works for everyone who takes it, and this it is completely normal. A medication that works for your neighbor may not work for you. The purpose of this book is to provide you with some insight as to why medicines do not always work. New drugs and other modalities are being introduced with increasing frequency. A...

One's pain perception usually differs from others. This observation is why a "one size fits all" to pain treatment does not exist. This process slows down when one becomes an adult and gets progressively slower with age. Some cells like those in the brain and nerves do not continue to grow. Our bodies reflect our genetic capacity to adapt and repair, as well as tolerate the cumulative damage from disease processes. With advancing age, all of the body systems eventually demonstrate reduced efficiency, slowed building and replacement and actual loss of tissue. There is a gradual loss of bone...