The effects of cadmium chloride concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg soil), low doses of gamma irradiation (15, 30, 45 and 60 Gy), potassium chloride (60 mg/kg soil) and the combination between cadmium + gamma and cadmium + potassium on Brassica rapa germination, growth, pigmentation, primary and secondary metabolites and antioxidative potential were investigated under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Germination percentage and the growth of the plant root and shoot decreased progressively by increasing cadmium chloride concentrations. Gamma irradiation and potassium treatment...