This study highlights the social role of museums in contemporary museological practice, based on two specific and diverse realities. On the one hand, by focusing on the social inclusion concept applied to the museum practice in the United Kingdom from the mid-1990s on, through the analysis of the literature produced about the subject. On the other hand, by understanding the social role of museums as theorised and practised in Brazil, through the analysis of three case studies from the same period. From the study of these two perspectives, comparisons between them are built, the differences...