Over the past decades educational and political leaders attempted to improve school performance. Yet still, there remain immense gaps in academic achievement between schools with high and low poverty rates. The expected gains to close the gap have not been achieved by the policies implemented, nor from the threats of sanctions for districts, school leaders, and teachers. The purpose of this quantitative study was to answer a primary question: Can specific leadership influence (LI), collective teacher efficacy (CTE), and socioeconomic status (SES) predict either alone or in combination,...