Few questions of global politics are more pressing than how to respond to widespread violence against civilians. Despite R2P proponents efforts to draw attention away from exclusively military responses, debates on humanitarian intervention and R2P s "Third Pillar" still tend to boil down to two unsatisfying options: stand by and "do nothing" or take military action to protect civilians essentially using violence to stop violence. Accordingly and given disagreement and uncertainty regarding moral claims, as well as the unpredictability of military effectiveness this book asks: how can "we"...