Effective monitoring of the ecological factors is one of the prerequisite of all the environmental studies and practices. Methodological literature on the examination of physical and chemical parameters of water is so disseminated that a worker in this field is often confused in search and choice of correct method. There is hardly any wide-ranging literature to cover the problem entirely. In the present effort, I have attempted to present the analytical methods as well as the general introduction, importance and hazards for a wide array of physical and chemical factors pertaining to water.