This research was carried out to determine sand fly vector(s), infection of Phlebotomus orientalis with Leishmania parasites and possible animal reservoir of visceral leishmaniasis in villages and Dinder National Park (DNP) in eastern Sudan. Samples of P. orientalis females were collected from villages in Gedarif State and DNP. The collected females were dissected for present of Leishmania promastigotes as well as analysed by PCR for DNA of the parasites. Blood samples from small wild mammals and domestic dogs were smeared on glass slides and blotted on filter papers Whatmann # 3 for...