Egypt has a dual disease burden of both preventable communicable and non-Communicable diseases. Nurses are responsible for acting as health educators and are "to use health promotion and health teaching methods that are appropriate to the situation and the patients developmental level, learning needs, readiness, ability to learn, language preference, and culture". Nurse educators must have an understanding of health, health promotion, and health education, not just disease and illness prevention, for health promotion to become part of nursing. Nurses work in a variety of settings such as...

The workplace is characterized by multidimensional and complex environments that affect worker health and safety. The range of workplace hazards with actual or potential effects on workers health and safety is as broad and varied as work itself. Workers involved in various types of industries constitute a considerable portion of the population. Each type of industry involves specific health hazards and risks. The health of workers affects productivity and, consequently, the family and the country. This review emphasizes the history, concepts, and epidemiological model. Role of occupational...

Farming is a risky business. Farmers and farm families are dangerously exposed to a variety of agricultural pesticides on a daily basis. Many studies showed that third world countries have registered very high incidences of pesticide poisoning, and other pesticide-related health problems mainly due to improper handling, use, and methods of storage. More than 75 per cent of pesticides are applied directly, by hand or with the physical presence of farmers. In most cases, farmers are not given any proper training. Pesticides may not also carry instructions, particularly in the native language of...