Trade unions in Europe have showed a mixed response to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and have adopted a broad spectrum of positions on CSR. Prior research has identified five distinct positions of trade unions across Europe. The key argument is that the whole process is linked to neoliberalism and the outcome of neoliberal approach is deregulation. Withdrawal of state from regulation of businesses has created a vacuum of regulation and there are inadequate governance mechanisms available at all levels. Businesses have tried to fill this vacuum by engaging in CSR. Trade unions are...