Dental biofilm is a complex, organized microbial community that is the primary etiologic factor for the most frequently occurring oral diseases such as, dental caries, periodontal diseases, and endodontic pathology. Bacteria constitute a very successful life form. In their evolution, they have developed successful strategies for survival which include attachment to the surfaces and development of protective biofilms where they behave very differently than free-floating bacteria. The radical changes in gene expression of biofilm cells provide the most significant explanation of antimicrobial...