This book examines the causes and effects of dissonance between the British strategic command and the British Middle East Command during the summer of 1941. Relying on historical research, this book finds that multiple conflicts spread across an immense geographic area complicated the operational response and contributed to the strategic misunderstanding of the operational challenges. Further, the strategic interjections into the operational sphere, choosing tactical operations against the advice of the military commander, resulted in failure to win the most important campaign. The victorious...

This book investigates the technology available, and the conditions that the Infantry squad will fight under as a part of the United States Army in the year 2015. It examines the nature of the likely threat to our National Security and how United States Army future doctrine will affect the Infantry squad's operational environment. After a short examination of the history of the evolution of the United States Infantry squad and the criteria used to shape its evolution, this book will analyze the criteria that will be relevant in 2015. Based on the factors presented and on the analysis of...

During a time of increased regional conflicts and global instability, US Security Sector Reform (SSR) applies a whole of government approach to strengthen host nation (HN) governments and security forces to decrease sources of instability. Significant to the Department of Defense's effort in support of SSR, is special operations engagement with HN security forces. This book analyzes recent special operations engagement in Mali and the Philippines. Through that analysis, enduring engagement, special operation engagement campaigns, unity of effort, Theater Special Operations Command (TSOC)...

Since the end of the Cold War, growing state and global instability, particularly in undergoverned regions of the world, has led to increasing requests from ambassadors and combatant commanders for civil affairs forces to conduct missions in support of a whole-of-government (WOG) approach aimed at improving and sustaining stability, and preventing war. Based on increasing government emphasis on persistent whole-of-government operations to maintain stability and protect U.S. interests, in addition to enduring counterinsurgency and foreign internal defense operations, the authorized growth in...

As US political leaders look to end the longest war in its history, there will be a lot of reflection on how the military organizations executed its counter-insurgency operations. Many of these lessons learned will be captured and codified in future counter-insurgency doctrine. Of the many lessons learned from these conflicts, the two fundamental lessons learned by the US Army while combating insurgencies in Iraq and Afghanistan are that no two insurgencies are the same and that the support of the population is necessary for success. The success of Mao and the CCP during their Revolutionary...

Recent concern exists regarding the gap between the military, its civilian leaders, and society, and the importance of achieving diversity among the military leadership that is representative of the soldiers they lead and the nation they serve. Civil-military relations and diversity, which usually appear to be two distinct and separate topics, are interrelated. Failure to address them will negatively impact the military's ability to sustain a high quality force capable of meeting the nation's security requirements. This book examines the correlations between diversity and the impact on the...

Lieutenant General Philip H. Sheridan, in the summer of 1874, sent two of his Division of the Missouri departments against the Southern Plains Indians. Large numbers of the Cheyenne, Comanche, and Kiowa tribes fled their Indian Territory reservations that summer and headed for the sanctuary of the Staked Plains and the Texas panhandle. In what became known as The Red River War of 1874, the Departments of the Missouri and Texas attacked and pursued the Indians for many months throughout the fall and winter of 1874 and 1875 until finally the remaining fugitive Indians returned to the...