Creep is the tendency of solid materials to undergo permanent gradual deformation under the influence of stresses. It occurs as a result of long term exposure of material to stress levels that are below its yield strength. Creep is more severe in materials that are exposed to elevated temperature (i.e. near melting point) for long time. Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are a new generation of engineering materials, in which the constituents or their contents vary with respect to position coordinates, which enable them to offer unique performance. The concept of FGM has been proposed with...

Rotating disc forms an essential part of rotating machinery, namely turbines, compressors, automotive braking systems, ship propellers, computer disc drives etc. In most of these applications, the disc operates under elevated temperature and is simultaneously subjected to high centrifugal stresses caused rotation of the disc at high speed. As a result, the disc material undergoes significant creep deformations, thereby affecting overall performance of the system comprising of rotating disc. Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are a new generation of engineering materials, in which the...