High quality assessment is key for the education and regulation of any profession - including medicine. Unfortunately, the most important aspects of professional performance are often the most difficult to assess. Since about 1990, the developed world has seen a powerful public and political call to strengthen professional regulation. The assessments developed to answer that call have the potential to either enhance or undermine the future of the profession. This book contains work originally submitted to the University of Oxford, UK in 2003 as a DM thesis. That work sought to provide some of...