Like merchant ships flying flags of convenience to navigate foreign waters, traders in the northern borderlands of the early American republic exploited loopholes in the Jay Treaty that allowed them to avoid border regulations by constantly shifting between British and American nationality. In Citizens of Convenience, Lawrence Hatter shows how this practice undermined the United States' claim to nationhood and threatened the transcontinental imperial aspirations of U.S. policymakers.
The U.S.-Canadian border was a critical site of United States nation- and...
Like merchant ships flying flags of convenience to navigate foreign waters, traders in the northern borderlands of the early American republic expl...
