The present study covers authentic data compiled from field experiments and investigations. This study is meant to provide a reference point for any future changes associated with all anthropogenic activity in semi-arid ecosystems. Three years of continuous and rigorous empirical research on biodiversity (phytoplankton to higher plants and zooplankton to higher animals - all flora and fauna) in the semi-arid region of India have culminated in this volume. There are many studies available on the issues related to biodiversity but they mostly cover either groups of plants or groups of animals....