The time, complexity and expense of fixed prosthetic treatments can be justified only if the restorations last for a long time. Designing bridges is neither a precise science nor a creative art. It needs knowledge, experience and judgment, which take years to accumulate. So it is not surprising that some designs of bridge, even through well intentioned and conscientiously executed, fail. Though there are many advances in techniques and materials used for fixed partial dentures constructions, failures do occur. Fixed prosthodontic failures can be frustrating and complex in terms of diagnosis...

Impression making is the preliminary step in fabrication of any prosthesis. It is the foundation for determining the success of subsequent steps in the treatment plan. The method used to make impression of supporting and retaining anatomic structure of the mouth is of basic importance for obtaining optimum distribution of the masticatory load in the construction of partial denture. A variety of techniques have evolved overtime. Selection of the specific techniques depends on experience and an evaluation of an individual patient. Time, expense and accuracy must all be considered in making the...

Resorption of alveolar bone seems inevitable when teeth are lost, yet variability exists among persons over time. It has been observed that alveolar bone shows different rates of resorption as metabolic differences are undoubtedly most significant in the response of a given individual to a given stress and account for the variations among individuals within the same individual at different times. Thus, understanding of the myriad of significant biomechanical factors along with the understanding of the complex interrelationship of these factors with anatomic metabolic, and functional factors...

Facial defects can result from trauma, treatment of neoplasms, or congenital malformations. Restoration of facial defects is a challenge. The replacement of missing parts such as a nose, eye, ear or the construction of a device to rebuild facial or cranial contour requires the expertise and precision in clinical skill and utilization of available materials. The primary objectives in each case are to construct a prosthesis which will restore the defect, improve aesthetics and function and thereby benefit the morale of the patient. In order to achieve these objectives a maxillofacial...