With a focus on healthcare decision making, this book systematically reviews decision models and techniques currently being used and/or being considered for disease prevention and treatment. The book is divided into three parts: optimization in chronic disease prevention; optimization in infectious disease control and prevention; and optimization in disease treatment and treatment technology. The first part of the book focuses on preventive screening decisions for early diagnosis of chronic diseases, i.e. breast cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, etc. The second part of the book...