The hemoglobin free human red blood cells - so called ghosts - represent the same features as human red blood cells, but their membranes are stiffer. Through the stiffer surface, ghosts are most suitable for membrane analysis with atomic force microscope. Erythrocyte ghosts immobilized and fixated on glass slides enable a topographic investigation of the membrane and a functional analysis of their epitopes. Using the atomic force microscope and Acetal-PEG-NHS-linkers to attach monoclonal Rhesus-Anti-body clones to cantilever-tips, the Rhesus epitope can be analyzed. Refining this technique...