Desertification of our planet, climate change, floods, greenhouse effect are the main tragedy of the Earth and its people and are mainly the result of Homo Sapiens' activity. The authors of the book present their long-time research results of such an important phenomenon as phytomelioration that maight be the way out of main distructive ecological problems. Using the method of phytomelioration in practice people may justify their species name - Homo Sapiens - if could stop disastrous process of deforestation and turn deserts into blossoming oases.