Posture has an effect on performance and also can increase or decrease injury risk. Abnormal posture is considered to be an undetected source of injury and needs to have an appropriate therapeutic intervention.Integrated action of many muscles is required to maintain a position in active posture.Forward head position is one in which the neck extensors are in a shortened position and there is a strong potential exists for the development of adaptive shortening in the muscles.Now a days Forward head posture is common in most of the people due to more comforts in todays lifestyle

Most of the individual with shoulder pain suffer due to Supraspinatus tendinitis, as it is the commonest tendinitis lesion at the shoulder joint. Non-traumatic shoulder pain in overhead movements is a challenge faced by patients, sport physicians, orthopaedicians and physiotherapists. Supraspinatus tendinitis is non-traumatic, inflammatory or degenerative changes of tendon. This condition is common in athletes involving repetitive overhead activities like bowling, swimming, javelin throw etc. and even in persons involving this repetitive overhead activities at their work places. . Ultrasound...

Spirometry is a physiological test that measures the volumes of air as a function of time when an individual inhales or exhales.Spirometry is invaluable as a screening test of general respiratory health in the same way that blood pressure provides information about general cardiovascular health. Spirometric tests are routinely used in clinical settings in different positions to reveal impairment of lung function and to monitor changes such as improvements as a result of interventions.

Physical examination to detect the presence of musculoskeletal dysfunction forms an important element of manual therapy assessment. Palpation of the spine for tenderness is a part of this manual examination. Tenderness in musculoskeletal disorders may be the result of local tissue damage or may indicate an alteration in afferent processing of mechanical stimuli by second order neurons within the dorsal horn. Pain threshold measurements appears to be the most useful among these methods as it is a traumatic and repeatable over long periods. mid-thoracic spine normally tender or does increased...

Strength of individuals grip plays a key role in injury prevention and overall strength development.Grip strength measurement by using a hand held dynamometer is used to diagnose diseases and the compare the treatment progression and help in providing feedback of muscular strength during the rehabilitation program. A standardized testing protocol and position is important for rehabilitation to compare results with normative data. It is also used to measure baseline deficiency in Hand muscle power, to monitor progress during rehabilitation progress and to document outcome after rehabilitation.