In spite of large amount of work done in the field of development of good ion selective electrodes, more efforts are needed in this direction. The availability of highly selective materials such as modified macrocycles, ligands and their metal chelates have enhanced the possibility of developing such electrodes which may turn out to be more efficient and selective towards the quantitative determination of the target charged species.

Solid waste disposal has become a great concern in most of industrialized cities of the world because of the availability of limited landfills and strict environmental standards. These toxic wastes, containing heavy metal ions namely copper, lead, arsenic, chromium, zinc etc., may contaminate soil and surface as well as ground water sources. This waste is generated from metallurgical, mining, chemical, leather industry, distillery, sugar, battery, electroplating and pigment industry. Generally the metal concentrations in these wastes are too low for economic recovery; but high enough to...

Using a set of 34 SSR primer pairs, simple sequence length polymorphism was examined in a set of 8 effective restorers, 4 partial restorers, 2 weak maintainers and 4 complete maintainers in order to characterize them and to determine the nature and extent of differentiation and divergence among them at the molecular level. A method was adopted for optimization of PCR based amplification reaction in which the concentrations of primers and template were arranged in an orthogonal array. Each component occurred at one of the three predetermined levels, each of which occurred at an equal number of...