Drainage bags are used in patients that have urinary retention or having surgery. Many infectious diseases have been reported due to the use of unsterilized catheters of these drainage bags. The undertaken provides the most efficient method for sterilization of drainage bags that is gamma radiations. The dose of 25kGy was optimized at which no microbial load were found. So, it was concluded that gamma radiations are very effective method for sterilization of drainage bags

Human insulin is recombinant protein, which is responsible for the metabolism of carbohydrates and fat in the body. Insulin was first expressed in bacteria. The word insulin is coined from the Latin word "insula" meaning 'island' from the cells that produce insulin. The insulin hormone has the ability to control the blood sugar level by controlling the entry of glucose in the cells of skeletal muscles, liver and fat. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder, in which a person have high blood sugar due to the insufficiency in insulin production (type 1) or due to resistance to insulin (type...

Delivery kits are the simple and disposable kits that help to achieve safe delivery of babies. The birthing kit comprises of different disposable instruments. These disposable instruments may have a huge microbial load on them which can be very dangerous for the neonate as well as for the mother. So, sterilization is indeed a prerequisite for birth procedures using these kits. But what type of microbial load is present? What are the health effects of that bio burden? What type of sterilization should be done? What are the effects of that sterilization procedure are the important points to...

Blood transfusion set is a medical device that is used for the administration of blood in the recipient's body through intravenous cell line. Many different companies used several different techniques to sterilize this medical device but still there found the chance of contamination to the patients. To avoid any hazardous effect to the patients it is necessary to completely sterilize the medical devices. The most advance technique that is being used for the sterilization of medical devices is Gamma radiations which the most promising technique. it kills almost all the microorganisms present...

Mouth is the foremost link of our body to the external environment. Invasion of any pathogenic microbe into mouth can result into bacteraemia and hence dread-full consequences. Infections starting from mouth can rapidly spread to brain and heart. So sterilization of toothpaste is very important. Use of gamma rays is a new and efficient technique in this respect. It resulted in complete eradication of microbial adulteration from toothpastes when tested.