Substance misuse and abuse exist in almost every human society. In our western civilization, the bulk of attention has focused on those indi- viduals who specifically seek treatment or those who have become so disabled by these problems that they require treatment. These indi- viduals usually qualify for a psychiatric diagnosis of alcohol or other substance abuse. However, just as it has been recognized that primary substance abuse is frequently associated with other diagnosable psychi- atric disorders, such as sociopathy or attention deficit disorder (residual type) and that the origins of...