The city of Lahore like other ancient cities was developed along the bank of a river, i.e. the River Ravi, currently a trans-boundary river between India and Pakistan. Therefore, since the development of Lahore city, its sewage and waste water was discharged into its adjacent river. However, the population explosion, urbanization, unplanned industrialization, broad scale use of synthetic fertilizers and household chemicals consequently deteriorate the water quality of the River Ravi due to significant discharge of wastewater from the metropolitan city of Lahore into it. As a result, the...