This book will give a complete idea about the digitization, ground truthing and mapping of earth surface using Geographic information system (GIS). This book was clearly manuscript into various chapters for easy understanding and completed with the help of various GIS specialist. The software used here was Arc.GIS-10. it is very easy and accessible to all format of operating systems. The maps were digitized in false colour composites.

This book will give a complete idea about the occurrence and abundance of ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL fungal spores in soil of forest college and research institute. It will also give idea of preparation staining of root nodules. Methodology given in chapter three will be helpful for the students and research scholars for their works. The working principles of latest microscopes with working stations