1- This study shows the ability to successfully cold-spray 316L stainless steel using nitrogen and helium as a propellant gas. The microstructure was characterized with low porosity and fine grain structure. In addition, after post-processing heat treatment, the microstructure became denser (i.e. lower porosity). The microhardness did not change with 400 C annealing temperature but decreased significantly at 800 C, which can be explained by the recrystallization that occurs during cold-spraying. Both the ductility and strength were improved after annealing at 1100 C, in particular. 2- This...