Worldwide, nearly 1.1 billion people lack access to potable water. Sea restrains abundant water mass. Desalination processes provide an excellent way to tackle the water scarcity in places close to the sea. It would be feasible to address the water shortage problem with seawater desalination. The use of desalination plants in these regions is becoming a technological way to produce freshwater. Conventional means of providing potable water, especially from fossil fuel, is becoming increasingly expensive and is unaffordable by the poorest countries of the world where water and sanitation is a...