Worldwide, nearly 1.1 billion people lack access to potable water. Sea restrains abundant water mass. Desalination processes provide an excellent way to tackle the water scarcity in places close to the sea. It would be feasible to address the water shortage problem with seawater desalination. The use of desalination plants in these regions is becoming a technological way to produce freshwater. Conventional means of providing potable water, especially from fossil fuel, is becoming increasingly expensive and is unaffordable by the poorest countries of the world where water and sanitation is a...

Various problems of pure and applied sciences such as physics, chemistry, biology, engineering, economics, management sciences, industrial research and optimization can be studied in the unified frame work of the system of nonlinear equations. In this study, we develop several new iterative methods for solving a system of nonlinear equations by using different techniques, including quadrature technique, new decomposition method and variational iteration technique. We prove the convergence of the new methods. We obtain the upper bounds of the error of new methods. We also discuss the...

Sensor Node is key component of wireless micro sensor networks(WSNs) which communicates data in network. Power source of Sensor Node is battery. Major concern for researcher is the ef cient utilization of power source of sensors in WSNs. An energy ef cient routing protocol is one of the solutions to this problem. This book mainly pivots around routing protocols like LEACH, SEP, TEEN and DEEC. The working of these protocols and how these protocols extend the lifetime of WSNs is the main focus of this book. Analytic comparison of the features and performance issues of the aforementioned...