A template of pre-crash scenarios is presented to depict national crash statistics and kinematic information of time-to-collision for the design of appropriate crash countermeasures based on vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications. This template serves the development of functional requirements, performance specifications, test procedures, and benefits estimation for potential light-vehicle V2V safety applications. A set of ten pre-crash scenarios is suggested as a priority list to be addressed by V2V technology for light vehicles (i.e., passenger cars, vans and minivans, sport utility...

This report describes pre-crash scenarios that might be addressed by vehicle-to-vehicle communications. The focus is on crashes involving at least 1 light vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or less. The 2004-2008 General Estimates System crash databases were used to quantify the societal cost and describe the driving environment, driver characteristics, and crash contributing factors. The National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Survey was queried to statistically portray crash causal factors. Data from Event Data Recorders drawn from model year 2000-2007 vehicles were...

This report describes the system capability assessment for the Cooperative Intersection Collision Avoidance System for Violations (CICAS-V) based on data collected from objective tests and a pilot test. The CICAS-V is a vehicle-to-infrastructure system that provides visual, audio, and haptic (brake pulse) warnings when a vehicle is in danger of violating a traffic signal or stop sign at an intersection. A series of objective tests were conducted at the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute. Each test was defined by an initial geometry, a set of validity constraints (such as the sufficient...

This report documents the process required for data exchange between a conductor of a field operational test (FOT) and an independent evaluator based on the experience of the Cooperative Intersection Collision Avoidance System for Violations (CICAS-V) FOT project. This report also describes lessons learned from the data exchange in this project and proposes improvements to the process going forward. The main implementation of these improvements will be to design and maintain a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS).

This report identifies crash imminent test scenarios based on common pre-crash scenarios for integrated vehicle-based safety systems that alert the driver of a light vehicle or a heavy truck to an impending rear-end, lane change, or run-off-road crash. Pre-crash scenarios describe vehicle movements and critical events immediately prior to the crash. The General Estimates System (GES) crash database was queried to distinguish common pre-crash scenarios for light vehicles (2003 GES) and heavy trucks (2000-2003 GES) in terms of their frequency of occurrence. Analysis of two-vehicle rear-end...

This report defines a new pre-crash scenario typology for crash avoidance research based on the 2004 General Estimates System (GES) crash database, which consists of pre-crash scenarios depicting vehicle movements and dynamics as well as the critical event immediately prior to a crash. This typology establishes a common vehicle safety research foundation for public and private organizations, which will allow researchers to determine which traffic safety issues should be of first priority to investigate and to develop concomitant crash avoidance systems. Its main objectives are to identify all...

This report presents results from an analysis of about 47,000 red light violation records collected from 11 intersections in the City of Sacramento, California, by red light photo enforcement cameras between May 1999 and June 2003. The goal of this analysis is to understand the correlation between red light violations and various driver, intersection, and environmental factors.

This report analyzes the problem of light vehicle crashes in the U.S. to support the development and assessment of effective crash avoidance systems as part of the U.S.-DOT's Intelligent Vehicle Initiative. The analysis was conducted using data from the 2000 National Automotive Sampling/GES crash database of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.