This publication explores two overlapping niche sourcing markets: rural sourcing and impact sourcing. Rural sourcing is the practice of locating information technology outsourcing (ITO) or business process outsourcing (BPO) delivery centers in low-cost, non-urban areas. Impact sourcing is the practice of hiring and training marginalized people in ITO or BPO services who normally would have few opportunities for good employment. Rural sourcing and impact sourcing intersect when marginalized people in rural areas are hired, trained, and employed in ITO or BPO businesses.

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