The segmented arch technique is a modified, full-banded edge wise orthodontic procedure, which uses relatively light, constant force with control over anchorage units as well as teeth to be moved. Biomechanical and theoretical principles have gone into the development of the segmented arch technique. It allows the clinician to achieve predetermined treatment goals and orthodontic treatment becomes doctor-determined rather than appliance-determined.

Mastitis, on account of causing serious wastage and undesirable milk quality, has emerged as a major challenge and continue to be one of the most common and costly diseases in dairy cattle across the globe accounting for around 40% of the total direct costs of the common production diseases. In India, the economic losses due to mastitis have increased about 115 folds in last five decades. Subclinical mastitis is believed to be more prevalent than clinical mastitis in most the countries. Most of dairy farmers in Jammu division are hardly aware of sub-clinical mastitis and give no importance to...