The book attempts to quantify the externalities of universalization of Elementary Education Programme to the parents and society of the students receiving elementary education in North Delhi, India. In the form of case study, the researcher investigated the quality of primary education in Delhi and its non-monetary effects on the poor parents. The study revealed that parents behave better than before, they seems more hygienic, they learnt accounting, few of them learnt reading and writing and their eating habits are being improved.Therefore UEE programme and primary education itself reveal...

The present study has been designed to investigate the protective effect of calcium channel blockers against MPTP - induced Parkinson's disease-like symptoms in rats. The novel protocol showed that repeated bilateral infusion of MPTP into the SNpc by stereotactic surgery caused degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Body weight and behavioral parameters (locomotor, rotarod and activity on narrow beam walk) were assessed on 14th, 21st and 28th day post-MPTP administration. Malondialdehyde, nitrite concentration, superoxide dismutase, catalase levels and Cytokines level (TNF- and...

Recently, the controversial role of cannabinoid receptors was reported in the pathophysiology of PD. In the present study we have investigated the role of CB1 receptors in motor behaviour. Repeated intranigral (day 1, 7, 14) infusion of MPTP was done to produce stable motor deficits in rats. CB1 receptor agonist, Noladin ether and antagonist AM 251, was administered alone or in combination in MPTP-infused rats. Grip strength, spontaneous locomotor activity and narrow beam walk tests were used to access motor behaviours. Oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were determined in...