Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogenous endocrinal disorder that affects women in their reproductive age. PCOS is an important risk factor for CVD, DM and endometrial cancer. Sympathetic nervous system is very important in the etiology of PCOS and regulation of ovarian physiology. Hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system, stress and opioid endorphin release are associated with PCOS. Endogenous opioids ( endorphin) are inhibitory neurotransmitters. PCOS is related to the peripheral and central factors e.g. opioid peptide endorphin which influences sympathetic nervous system....

Diabetes causes serious affects to health including clinical signs as weight gain and increase food intake. Feed intake and body weight in diabetic control animals increased and in metformin or metformin in combination with cinnamon decreased significantly. Kidney tissues of diabetic control animals showed highly altered histological structure, disruption of glomerulus, vascular pole degeneration, Necrosis of collecting ducts and tubules, expansion of mesangial cells etc., as compared to non-diabetic control animals. Diabetes resulted in weight gain due to increased food intake, suggesting...

The current study was undertaken to investigate time-dependent toxic effect of sub-lethal dose of orally administered Aluminium Chloride in male rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) on the histology of renal tisues. Animals were divided into control and treated groups. Animals of treated group received Aluminium Chloride at the dose rate of 25 mg/kg disolved in 0.9% saline solution after every 48 hours, for 15 and 30 days respectively while animals of control group were given 0.9% saline solution only. Animals were dissected with the interval of 15 days. Renal tissues were processed and stained by...